DR. KLEVAY, COPPER, CHOLESTEROL AND CARDIOVASCULAR
DISEASE
Dr.
Leslie Klevay, PhD is one of the world's foremost copper researchers of the
academic variety. I don't know of
anyone who understood copper better clinically than Dr. Paul Eck.
Dr.
Klevay published an article in the Journal of Nutrition, 130: 489S-492S, 2000 entitled ÒCardiovascular Disease
from Copper Deficiency - A HistoryÓ.
This
brought up a question by a Dr. Miller, MD regarding whether copper excess or
copper deficiency causes high cholesterol. I had said copper excess is associated with high
cholesterol, and it had caused confusion because Dr. Klevay says copper
deficiency is the cause. Here is
the answer I gave:
As
for your question, overt copper deficiency is always present in fast oxidizers,
especially those who have a low sodium/potassium ratio. You will notice that the Metabolic Pak by
Endomet Products used for fast oxidizers (SBF Formula), designed by Dr. Eck,
contains a milligram of copper in each tablet. In addition, Limcomin, another product often used for these
individuals, has 0.75 mg of copper in each tablet (and used to have even more).
You
can read in my book on page 329 that atherosclerosis is a symptom associated
with copper deficiency. Aneurisms is
also listed there as another symptom of copper deficiency. I could add the others from the Klevay article
- myocardial infarction, aortic fissures, glucose intolerance and so forth.
The
reasons why copper is so important for cardiovascular health are given in the Klevay
article referred to above. I will
not repeat them except to say that copper is essentially required for
connective tissue and smooth muscle integrity.
As
for cholesterol, it is a stress indicator with a complex metabolic pattern. It may be elevated for a variety of
reasons. It is often high in the
fast oxidizers who have what is now called Metabolic Syndrome or Syndrome
X. The cause is not just copper
deficiency. The copper imbalance
is part of a whole syndrome, which stems from a diet high in carbohydrates
which happen to be low in copper.
However,
we see the high cholesterol in many slow oxidizers as well. Slow oxidation, however, is often just
a deeper layer of exhaustion and burnout.
With slow oxidizers, one gets biounavailable copper problems. Here one has a combination of too much
free copper floating around, but a deficiency of available or bound
copper. This is due to adrenal
exhaustion causing impairment of ceruloplasmin synthesis in the liver, and
perhaps deficiencies of other copper transport proteins such as
metallothionein.
So
there is no conflict. Copper
deficiency - in the fast or the slow oxidizer metabolic type (yang or yin) is
associated with cholesterol elevation.
The slow oxidizer tends to have deficient available copper.
When I said these people have copper toxicity, it is a situation in
which the copper is not bioavailable, so they in essence may have symptoms of
both deficiency and excess.
By
the way, Dr. Klevay states at the end of the abstract that our diets must be
deficient in copper because the tissue deficiencies exist, at least in heart
patients. What is not mentioned is
that the oxidation rate matters here.
It is the fast oxidizers that must have supplementary copper. In fact, copper is in many foods. It is just that some folks, fast
oxidizers, need more of it. Often,
these are the people overeating on carbohydrates, which are low copper foods
compared to meats, for example.
The admonition of many doctors to reduce meat may have adverse effects
in these people.
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